This chapter discusses the epidemiology, prevention, early detection, and treatment of oral cancers, as well as the cost-effectiveness of interventions.Īge-Standardized Incidence Rates of Oral Cancer in Women, 2012.
However, oral cancer continues to be a major cancer in India, East Asia, Eastern Europe, and parts of South America ( Forman and others 2013), where organized prevention and early detection efforts are lacking. When primary prevention fails, early detection through screening and relatively inexpensive treatment can avert most deaths. Preventing tobacco and alcohol use and increasing the consumption of fruits and vegetables can potentially prevent the vast majority of oral cancers ( Sankaranarayanan and others 2013). With dietary deficiencies, these factors cause more than 90 percent of oral cancers.
Tobacco use, in any form, and excessive alcohol use are the major risk factors for oral cancer. Oral Cancer in Women (All Ages): Global Incidence, Mortality, and Prevalence, World Health Organization Geographic Classification, 2012.
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